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First published online November 4, 2005
Journal of Experimental Biology 208, 4199-4202 (2005)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2005
doi: 10.1242/jeb.01872
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Switch to diester preen waxes may reduce avian nest predation by mammalian predators using olfactory cues

Jeroen Reneerkens1,*, Theunis Piersma1,2 and Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté1

1 Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands
2 Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, University of Groningen, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands



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  		Fig. 1. Red knots shift from mono- to diester preen waxes, the latter being more difficult to detect by a sniffer dog. (A) The shift from mono- to diester preen waxes (see inset) in spring takes place within 1 month in individual captive red knots (N=14 individuals; 95% confidence intervals around mean values of percentage of diesters are indicated by dots). (B) The likelihood of successful detection is a function of the type and amount of preen wax. Each data point represents detection success during 20 sessions (monoesters: black circles, diesters: open circles). Fits from the used logistic model (see Materials and methods) are depicted in the graph as lines (solid, monoesters: ln(Pdetection/1–Pdetection)=1.4519+0.6602xamount; broken, diesters: ln(Pdetection/1–Pdetection)=0.1786+0.6602xamount).

 




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