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First published online September 16, 2005
Journal of Experimental Biology 208, 3805-3815 (2005)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2005
doi: 10.1242/jeb.01780

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An investigation of the role of carbonic anhydrase in aquatic and aerial gas transfer in the African lungfish Protopterus dolloi

S. F. Perry1^*, K. M. Gilmour¹, E. R. Swenson², B. Vulesevic², S. F. Chew³ and Y. K. Ip⁴

¹ Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 150 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
² Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 South Columbian Way Seattle, WA 98108, USA
³ Department of Natural Sciences, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Republic of Singapore
⁴ Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Representative original data recordings illustrating the negligible effects of gas transfer across the air–water interface during respirometry experiments and the contribution of non-piscine metabolism to aquatic O2 and CO2 changes. (A) The effects of incremental increases in aerial PCO2 (grey line) on aquatic PCO2 (black line) during 35 min of simulated respirometry. (B) The changes in aerial PCO2 (grey line) and aquatic PCO2 (black line) immediately before and after euthanizing (denoted by the broken line) a fish during a respirometry experiment. (C) The PCO2 of the air chamber was lowered after euthanasia by flushing the chamber with air. The changes in aerial PO2 (grey line) and aquatic PO2 (black line) immediately before and after euthanizing (denoted by the broken line) a fish during a respirometry experiment.

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Partitioning of gas transfer between the air (lungs) and water (gills/skin) in P. dolloi (N=11). (A) Absolute rates of O2 uptake (O2) and CO2 excretion (CO2) derived from the air (filled component of bar) and water (unfilled component of bar). The S.E.M. for total (sum of air plus water) gas transfer is denoted in the upward direction whereas those for aerial or aquatic gas transfer are denoted in the downward direction. (B) The relative proportions of aerial O2 and CO2.

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. (A,B) Representative traces from two different fish depicting the effects of changes in breathing frequency (individual breaths are denoted by solid circles) on aerial (grey lines) and aquatic (black lines) CO2 accumulation. The decrease in aerial PCO2 during the period of apnoea (first 10 min) in B represents a slight leak within the air chamber in this particular experiment.

View larger version (8K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. The effects of injection of the carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors benzolamide (BZ; N=11) or acetazolamide (AZ; N=10) on (A) O2 uptake (O2) and (B) CO2 excretion (CO2) in P. dolloi. Aerial gas transfer is depicted by the filled portions of each bar and aquatic gas transfer by the unfilled portions. (C) Representative recordings of aerial CO2 transfer (grey line) and aquatic CO2 transfer (black line) from a single fish. Whereas the air chamber was flushed after each period of respirometry, the water was refreshed only after the BZ trial.

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. The effects of injecting bovine carbonic anhydrase (CA; N=9) on (A) O2 uptake (O2) and (B) CO2 excretion (CO2) in P. dolloi. Aerial gas transfer is depicted by the filled portions of each bar and aquatic gas transfer by the unfilled portions. (C) Representative recordings of aerial CO2 transfer (grey line) and aquatic CO2 transfer (black line) from a single fish. Note that in this particular experiment, only the air chamber was flushed after the control period of respirometry. A statistical difference from the control group is denoted by an asterisk (P<0.05).

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