First published online September 9, 2005
Journal of Experimental Biology 208, 3603-3607 (2005)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2005
doi: 10.1242/jeb.01778
Roles of hierarchical and metabolic regulation in the allometric scaling of metabolism in Panamanian orchid bees
Raul K. Suarez1,3,*,
Charles-A. Darveau2,3 and
Peter W. Hochachka2,
1 Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of
California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9610, USA
2 Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC,
Canada V6T 1Z4
3 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Barro Colorado Island, Republic
of Panama

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Fig. 1. ln(enzyme activity in µmol g-1 min-1) vs
ln(flux rate in µmol g-1 min-1) across orchid bee
species. Slopes of regressions represent hierarchical regulation coefficients,
h. These values are equal to 0.46 (COX, cytochrome oxidase),
0.98 (HK, hexokinase), and 0.36 (GP, glycogen phosphorylase), and significant
for these three enzymes (P values are indicated in
Table 1). Slopes are not
significantly different from zero in the case of GPDH (glycerol 3-phosphate
dehydrogenase), CS, citrate synthase, PGI (phosphoglucoisomerase), PFK
(phosphofructokinase) and TR (trehalase).
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Fig. 2. (A) Mass action ratio vs glycolytic flux rate (i.e. net forward
flux at the phosphoglucoisomerase reaction). The Haldane relationship predicts
that extremely small variation in the mass action ratio is enough to account
for the range of glycolytic flux rates of 4.64-13.0 µmol g-1
min-1 observed across species. (B) Glycolytic flux rate (i.e. net
forward flux at the PGI reaction) vs glucose 6-phosphate
concentration. Holding fructose 6-phosphate concentration at 0.1 mmol
l-1, the Haldane relationship predicts that the range of glycolytic
flux rates of 4.64-13.0 µmol g-1 min-1 observed
across species is achieved by a change in glucose 6-phosphate concentration of
about 0.02 mmol l-1.
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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2005