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First published online September 9, 2005
Journal of Experimental Biology 208, 3483-3491 (2005)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2005
doi: 10.1242/jeb.01810

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Olfactory coding in Drosophila larvae investigated by cross-adaptation

Jennefer Boyle and Matthew Cobb^*

Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Mean olfactory responses to seven homologous aliphatic acetates (methyl...heptyl acetate) under control conditions (green), following auto-adaptation (red) and after 60 min recovery from auto-adaptation (blue). Error bars show S.E.M.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Graphical representation of analysis of data in Table 1. The response to each test odour following pre-stimulation was compared with the control level using t-tests and Bonferroni's correction for multiple comparisons (see text for details). Responses that were significantly different from control levels are indicated in colour. Red indicates that the response was significantly weaker than control levels of attraction but was still attractive. Purple indicates that the mean response was not significantly different from zero, as tested by a one-sample t-test, and is therefore described as `indifferent'. Blue indicates that the repulsive response was significantly different from zero. A blank rectangle indicates that the response was not significantly different from the control levels. Control responses were all tested using one-sample t-tests and are indicated as being significantly attractive (red), not significantly different from zero (i.e. indifferent - purple) or significantly repulsive (blue). The reciprocal crosses between butyl, pentyl and hexyl acetate, discussed in detail in the text, are highlighted with a broken box.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Theoretical effect of an increase in sensitivity on dose-response curves. (A) A system showing a linear dose-response curve. (B) A system showing a negative response at higher doses. Dotted lines, control; solid lines, after treatment. The arrow indicates the dose at which an attractive dose becomes repulsive after treatment.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Dose-response curves to test doses of three aliphatic acetates (A, butyl; B, pentyl; C, hexyl), showing mean response indices (N=8-16) and standard errors (error bars are sometimes smaller than the symbols used in the graph). Dotted line, control (no pre-stimulation). Solid line, following pre-stimulation with the same odour as the test odour. For full details, see text.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Dose-response curves to test doses of three aliphatic acetates (A, butyl; B, pentyl; C, hexyl), showing mean response indices (N=8-16) and standard errors (error bars are sometimes smaller than the symbols used in the graph). Dotted line, control (no pre-stimulation); filled squares, following pre-stimulation with butyl acetate; open squares, following pre-stimulation with pentyl acetate; triangles, following pre-stimulation with hexyl acetate. For full details, see text.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Graphical representation of statistical analysis of the data in Table 2. The response to each test odour following pre-stimulation was compared with the control level using t-tests and Bonferroni's correction for multiple comparisons (see text for details). Responses that were significantly different from control levels are indicated in colour. Red indicates that the response was significantly weaker than control levels of attraction but was still attractive. Purple indicates that the mean response was not significantly different from zero, as tested by a one-sample t-test, and is therefore described as `indifferent'. Blue indicates that the repulsive response was significantly different from zero. A blank rectangle indicates that the response was not significantly different from the control levels. Control responses were all tested using one-sample t-tests and are indicated as being significantly attractive (red), not significantly different form zero (i.e. indifferent - purple) or significantly repulsive (blue).

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Dose-response curves to test doses of octanol, showing mean response indices (N=8) and standard errors (error bars are sometimes smaller than the symbols used in the graph). Dotted line, control (no pre-stimulation); solid line, following pre-stimulation with octanol.

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