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First published online July 25, 2005
Journal of Experimental Biology 208, 3003-3012 (2005)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2005
doi: 10.1242/jeb.01747

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Ontogenetic effects on aerobic and anaerobic metabolism during jumping in the American locust, Schistocerca americana

Scott D. Kirkton^*, Jared A. Niska and Jon F. Harrison

Section of Organismal, Integrative, and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 874601, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic of the respirometry set-up.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Endurance of jump frequency was negatively correlated with age across instars. Values are means ± S.E.M.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Older/larger grasshoppers showed greater body mass-specific power outputs and increased fatigue during the jumping trial. Values are means ± S.E.M.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Lactate levels increased with age and time spent jumping in the first 2 min (N=8–10 at each point). Values are means ± S.E.M.

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Whole body oxygen consumption (A) and carbon dioxide emission (B) during jumping across different instars of S. americana (N=7 at each point). Values are means ± S.E.M.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Whole-body oxygen consumption (A) and carbon dioxide emission (B) at rest, jumping and recovery for 2nd instars and adult S. americana grasshoppers. The values of 4th and 6th instars were intermediate and not shown for sake of clarity (N=7 at each point). Values are means ± S.E.M.

View larger version (10K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Muscle-specific oxygen consumption (A) and carbon dioxide emission (B) increases with instar during jumping (N=7 at each point). Values are means ± S.E.M.

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. The changes in respiratory exchange ratio during rest, jumping and recovery, with all ages of grasshoppers pooled together (N=7 at each point). Values are means ± S.E.M.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. The effects of atmospheric oxygen content on first-minute jump rates for each age (N=5–8 at each point). Values are means ± S.E.M.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10. The effects of atmospheric oxygen content on jump endurance for each age (N=5–8 at each point). Values are means ± S.E.M.