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First published online July 26, 2004
Journal of Experimental Biology 207, 2979-2990 (2004)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2004
doi: 10.1242/jeb.01142

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Does condition of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) have a greater impact upon swimming performance at U_crit or sprint speeds?

M. Martínez¹, M. Bédard¹, J.-D. Dutil² and H. Guderley^1,*

¹ Université Laval, Département de Biologie, Québec, G1K 7P4, Canada
² Ministère des Pêches et des Océans, Institut Maurice-Lamontagne, 850 Route de la Mer, C.P. 1000, Mont-Joli, Québec, G5H 3Z4, Canada

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Activities of glycolytic, mitochondrial and biosynthetic enzymes and total protein in white muscle, sampled at three sites along the length of the body (behind the head, in the middle of the body and at the caudal peduncle) in starved and fed cod. Data are shown as means ± S.E.M. Letters above the error bars for each feeding treatment (starved/fed) indicate statistical differences; when two columns have the same letter, they do not differ (a posteriori comparisons, P>0.05). Lowercase letters are for starved cod while uppercase letters are for fed cod. Abbreviations: CCO, cytochrome c oxidase; CK, creatine kinase; CS, citrate synthase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; NDPK, nucleoside diphosphate kinase; PFK, phosphofructokinase; PK, pyruvate kinase.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Activities of total protein, glycolytic and mitochondrial enzymes in red muscle, sampled at three sites along the length of the body (behind the head, in the middle of the body and at the caudal peduncle) in starved and fed cod. Data are shown as means ± S.E.M. Letters above the error bars for each feeding treatment (starved/fed) indicate statistical differences; when two columns have the same letter, they do not differ (a posteriori comparisons, P>0.05). Abbreviations: CCO, cytochrome c oxidase; CS, citrate synthase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; PDH, pyruvate dehydrogenase; PFK, phosphofructokinase.

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Absolute (cm s-1) and relative (bl s-1) sprint swimming speed of cod as they pass through the swimming apparatus, after 12 weeks of feeding treatment. Sprint speeds were measured as explained in Martínez et al. (2002). We show the fastest speed between the beginning of the tunnel and the lasers located at the indicated distances from the first laser in the tunnel. Data are shown as means ± S.E.M.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Ucrit swimming performance (in absolute cm s-1 and relative bl s-1 speeds) of cod after 12 weeks of feeding or starvation, white muscle lactate accumulation, the number of burst-coast movements during the Ucrit tests and the speed at which regular burst-coast movements started (in cm s-1 and bl s-1). Data are shown as means ± S.E.M.