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First published online May 24, 2004
Journal of Experimental Biology 207, 2289-2295 (2004)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2004
doi: 10.1242/jeb.01018

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Differences in the effects of salinity on larval growth and developmental programs of a freshwater and a euryhaline mosquito species (Insecta: Diptera, Culicidae)

Thomas M. Clark^1,*, Benjamin J. Flis¹ and Susanna K. Remold²

¹ Department of Biological Sciences, Indiana University, South Bend, IN 46634-1700, USA
² Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Osborn Memorial Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Effects of salinity on successful pupation rates of larval Aedes aegypti (solid line) and Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus (broken line). N=3 replicates/species, each replicate consisting of 20 larvae/salinity for a total sample size of 360 larvae of each species. Data are expressed as raw means ± S.E.M. for the percent survival of the 3 replicate runs.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Effects of salinity, species and sex on duration of the larval stage in those Aedes aegypti (solid line) and Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus (broken line) surviving to pupation. Males, filled symbols; females, open symbols. Sample sizes of surviving larvae were as follows: A. aegypti: 188 males, 153 females; O. taeniorhynchus: 149 males, 123 females. Data are expressed as raw means ± S.EM.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Effects on salinity, species and sex on pupal mass of Aedes aegypti (solid line) and Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus (broken line) surviving to pupation. Effects on (A) wet mass and (B) dry mass. Males, filled symbols; females, open symbols. Sample sizes are as in Fig. 2 legend. Data are expressed as raw means ± S.E.M.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Effects of salinity, species and sex on growth rate of Aedes aegypti (solid line) and Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus (broken line) surviving to pupation. Effects on (A) growth rate (wet mass), (B) growth rate (dry mass). Males, filled symbols; females, open symbols. Sample sizes are as in Fig. 2 legend. Data are expressed as raw means ± S.E.M.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Path diagrams of the relationship among salinity, growth parameters and final pupal dry mass in Aedes aegypti and Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus. Solid lines indicate positive and broken lines negative path coefficients; the values of the path coefficients are indicated by line thickness. Coefficients that are not significant at P<0.05 are not shown. U, unexplained variance. The univariate (net) coefficient describing the overall effect of salinity on pupal dry mass is shown by the vertical arrows at far left of the figure.