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First published online April 23, 2004
Journal of Experimental Biology 207, 1915-1924 (2004)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2004
doi: 10.1242/jeb.00975

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Force development, energy state and ATP production of cardiac muscle from turtles and trout during normoxia and severe hypoxia

Johannes Overgaard and Hans Gesser^*

Department of Zoophysiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Aarhus, DK 8000 Aarhus, Denmark

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Experimental steps and time course in series 1 and 2 for ventricular muscle isolated from turtle and trout. Preparations were either left to rest or electrically paced to isometric twitch force development at the rate indicated. A representative recording of twitch force development of a turtle preparation is included. In series 1, preparations were sampled for biochemical determinations at the times indicated. In series 2, twitch force, oxygen consumption and hypoxic lactate production were recorded during 30 min of oxygenation and then during 30 min of severe hypoxia.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Oxygen consumption (O2) (A), lactate production (B), total ATP production (C), twitch force (D) and twitch force relative to total ATP production (E) are presented for isolated turtle (left) and trout (right) ventricular muscle. Preparations were either stimulated at 30 min-1 (N=8 for both turtle and trout) or left to rest (N=7 for both turtle and trout). For all parameters, values are means ± S.E.M. of the average obtained over the 30 min period of oxygenation and over the last 30 min of the 70 min hypoxic period, respectively. Asterisks signify differences between stimulation and rest, signifies differences between oxygenation and hypoxia and signifies differences between turtle and trout.

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