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First published online November 24, 2003
Journal of Experimental Biology 207, 165-177 (2004)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2004
doi: 10.1242/jeb.00719
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Photoperiodic effects on body mass, energy balance and hypothalamic gene expression in the bank vole

W. L. Peacock1,*, E. Król1, K. M. Moar2, J. S. McLaren1, J. G. Mercer2 and J. R. Speakman1,2

1 Aberdeen Centre for Energy Regulation and Obesity (ACERO), School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, Scotland, UK
2 ACERO, Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, AB21 9SB, Scotland, UK



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Fig. 1. Body mass of male (A) and female (B) bank voles exposed to a long-day (LD) or short-day (SD) photoperiod and measured over 10 weeks, commencing at Day 0. Values are expressed as means ± S.E.M.

 


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Fig. 2. Food intake (g day-1) of male (A) and female (B) bank voles exposed to a long-day (LD) or short-day (SD) photoperiod and measured over 10 weeks, commencing at Day 0. Values are expressed as means ± S.E.M.

 


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Fig. 3. Resting metabolic rate (A) and daily energy expenditures (B) of male and female bank voles exposed to a long-day (LD) or short-day (SD) photoperiod and measured before (Pre-manipulation) and 8 weeks (A) or 9 weeks (B) after the photoperiod switch. Values are expressed as means ± S.E.M.

 


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Fig. 4. Autoradiographs showing localization of neuropeptide and receptor gene expression in coronal sections of male bank vole brain, following 12-week exposure to long-day photoperiod (LD). NPY, neuropeptide Y; AGRP, agouti-related protein; POMC, pro-opiomelanocortin; CART, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript; CRF, corticotrophin-releasing factor; MC3-R and MC4-R, melanocortin-3 and -4 receptors; ARC, arcuate nucleus; VMN, ventromedial nucleus; PVN, paraventricular nucleus.

 


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Fig. 5. Effect of 12-week exposure to long-day photoperiod (LD) on hypothalamic neuropeptide and receptor gene expression in male and female bank voles. Data for short-day photoperiod (SD) females and LD individuals are expressed as a percent of the level in SD males, and presented as means ± S.E.M. The effect of photoperiod and sex on gene expression was tested by two-way ANOVA. *Significant difference (P<0.05); {dagger}difference approached significance at P=0.06. See Fig. 4 for abbreviations.

 

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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2004