QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s):
Home     Help     Feedback     Subscriptions     Archive     Search     Table of Contents

First published online October 10, 2003

This Article Summary Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Fuson, A. L. Articles by Davis, R. W. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Fuson, A. L. Articles by Davis, R. W.

Adaptations to diving hypoxia in the heart, kidneys and splanchnic organs of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina)

Amanda L. Fuson^1,*, Daniel F. Cowan², Shane B. Kanatous³, Lori K. Polasek¹ and Randall W. Davis¹

¹ Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, 5007 Avenue U, Galveston, TX 77551, USA
² Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-0555, USA
³ Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA

View larger version (97K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Representative electron micrographs from the heart of a harbor seal (A), dog (B) and rat (C). M, mitochondria; F, myofibers. Magnification is approximately 18 150x. Scale bar, 1 µm.

View larger version (93K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Representative electron micrographs from the liver of a harbor seal (A), dog (B) and rat (C). M, mitochondria; N, nucleus. Note the relatively homogeneous distribution of mitochondria in the seal liver, whereas the dog and rat liver display more clustering. Magnification is approximately 18 150x. Scale bar, 1 µm.

View larger version (99K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Representative electron micrographs from the kidney (cortex) of a harbor seal (A), dog (B) and rat (C). M, mitochondria; N, nucleus; R, red blood cell. Note the relatively homogeneous distribution of mitochondria in all three species. Magnification is approximately 18 150x. Scale bar, 1 µm.

View larger version (176K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Representative electron micrograph of the differential staining of mitochondria achieved in some kidney micrographs. M, mitochondria. Magnification is approximately 18 150x. Scale bar, 1 µm.

View larger version (101K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Representative electron micrographs from the stomach of a harbor seal (A), dog (B) and rat (C). M, mitochondria; N, nucleus. Note the relatively homogeneous distribution of mitochondria in all three species. Magnification is approximately 18 150x. Scale bar, 1 µm.

View larger version (98K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Representative electron micrographs from the jejunum of a harbor seal (A), dog (B) and rat (C). M, mitochondria; N, nucleus. Magnification is approximately 18 150x. Scale bar, 1 µm.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Mean mitochondrial volume density [VV(mt)] for heart, liver, kidney, stomach and intestine of the harbor seal, dog and rat. Values are means ± S.E.M. All quantities expressed per tissue volume. Significantly different from dog (ANOVA, P<0.05); significantly different from rat (ANOVA, P<0.05); significantly different from seal (ANOVA, P<0.05).

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Mitochondrial volume densities [VV(mt)] scaled to tissue-specific resting metabolic rate (RMR) for rats, dogs and harbor seals. Significantly different from dog (ANOVA, P<0.05); significantly different from rat (ANOVA, P<0.05); significantly different from seal (ANOVA, P<0.05).

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Citrate synthase (CS) activity scaled to tissue-specific resting metabolic rate (RMR) for rats, dogs and harbor seals. Significantly different from dog (ANOVA, P<0.05); significantly different from rat (ANOVA, P<0.05); significantly different from seal (ANOVA, P<0.05).

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10. ß-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HOAD) activity scaled to tissue-specific resting metabolic rate (RMR) for rats, dogs and harbor seals. Significantly different from dog (ANOVA, P<0.05); significantly different from rat (ANOVA, P<0.05); significantly different from seal (ANOVA, P<0.05).

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 11. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity scaled to tissue-specific metabolic rate (RMR) for rats, dogs and harbor seals. Significantly different from dog (ANOVA, P<0.05); significantly different from rat (ANOVA, P<0.05); significantly different from seal (ANOVA, P<0.05).