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First published online September 9, 2003

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Urea synthesis in the African lungfish Protopterus dolloi - hepatic carbamoyl phosphate synthetase III and glutamine synthetase are upregulated by 6 days of aerial exposure

Shit F. Chew^1,*, Tan F. Ong¹, Lilian Ho¹, Wai L. Tam², Ai M. Loong², Kum C. Hiong², Wai P. Wong² and Yuen K. Ip²

¹ Natural Sciences, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Republic of Singapore
² Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Effects of exposure to terrestrial conditions on the rate of ammonia excretion of Protopterus dolloi. Values are means ± S.E.M. I, immersed (N=9); T, terrestrial (N=15); I/S, re-immersed (N=5). *Significantly different from the corresponding immersed condition (P<0.05); asignificantly different from the corresponding Day 1 condition (P<0.05); bsignificantly different from the corresponding Day 2 condition (P<0.05); csignificantly different from the corresponding Day 3 condition (P<0.05); dsignificantly different from the corresponding Day 4 condition (P<0.05); esignificantly different from the corresponding Day 5 condition (P<0.05).

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Effects of exposure to terrestrial conditions on the rate of urea excretion of Protopterus dolloi. Values are means ± S.E.M. I, immersed (N=8); T, terrestrial (N=15); R/I, re-immersed (N=5). *Significantly different from the corresponding immersed condition (P<0.05); asignificantly different from the corresponding Day 1 condition (P<0.05); bsignificantly different from the corresponding Day 2 condition (P<0.05); csignificantly different from the corresponding Day 3 condition (P<0.05); dsignificantly different from the corresponding Day 4 condition (P<0.05); esignificantly different from the corresponding Day 5 condition (P<0.05); fsignificantly different from the corresponding Day 6 condition (P<0.05).