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First published online August 25, 2003

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Waterborne iron acquisition by a freshwater teleost fish, zebrafish Danio rerio

Nicolas R. Bury^1,2,* and Martin Grosell^1,

¹ Zoophysiological Laboratory, The August Krogh Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
² King's College London, School of Health and Life Sciences, Franklin Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NN, UK

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Temporal pattern of gill (filled circles) and body (open circles) iron accumulation when iron is presented at 16.5 nmol l-1 in the form of 59FeCl3. Values are means ± S.E.M., N=10-16. *Significant differences between the gill iron counts and uptake into the body (P<0.05; ANOVA followed by a least-significance difference test). The inset illustrates the relative contributions that the gills and body make to the total 59Fe accumulation during the exposure period.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Concentration-dependent iron accumulation in (A) the gills and (B) body of zebrafish in the absence (filled circles) and presence of 2 µmol l-1 DTT (open circles). Values are means ± S.E.M., N=10-32. Iron uptake into the gills in the absence of DTT at [Fe]<40 nmol l-1 showed Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Above [Fe]=40 nmol l-1 the branchial iron uptake was linear. The pattern of concentration-dependent branchial gill Fe accumulation in the presence of DTT best fitted a linear regression (see text). Concentration-dependent iron accumulation in the body of the zebrafish in the absence and presence of DTT followed a sigmoidal uptake pattern.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. The effects of various divalent cations (Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Mn2+) on iron uptake into the gills (filled bars) and body (open bars) of zebrafish in the absence (A) and presence (B) of 2 µmol l-1 DTT. The iron concentration was 18.6 nmol l-1 and nominal metal concentrations 200 nmol l-1. Values are means ± S.E.M., N=10-18. *Significant reduction in iron uptake; significant induction in iron uptake compared to control fish (Con) (P<0.05; Student t-test, using untransformed data).

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Whole body depuration pattern of 59Fe in zebrafish over a 28-day period. Fish were loaded for 24 h in water containing 21 nmol l-159Fe. These fish were then washed in isotope-free water and placed into clean water; they were fed every other day. Values are means ± S.E.M., N=10. The loss kinetics best fitted a two-component exponential model (Sigma Plot 2001), where y=75.5(e-2.21t)+10.2(e-0.0525t), r2=1. The radiotracer biological half-life for the short-lived component, t1/2=0.31 days, and the long-lived component, t1/2=13.2 days.

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