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First published online August 8, 2003

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Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption in adult sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) and coho (O. kisutch) salmon following critical speed swimming

C. G. Lee¹, A. P. Farrell^1,*, A. Lotto², S. G. Hinch^2,3 and M. C. Healey³

¹ Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
² Department of Forest Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
³ Institute for Resources and Environment, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Relationships between rate of oxygen consumption (O2) and duration (min) of a ramp-Ucrit swim test followed by a 45 min recovery period for Gates Creek (GC) sockeye salmon (solid line), Weaver Creek (WVR) sockeye salmon (measured at two temperatures; broken lines) and Chehalis (CHE) coho salmon (dotted line). O2 data during swimming were adapted from fig. 5A in Lee et al. (2003).

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Modeling of the oxygen cost of swimming to Ucrit and recovering from exhaustion (solid lines fitted to data points) for adult Pacific salmon stocks. The broken vertical line represents the point in time t when the fish exhausted and the critical swimming speed (Ucrit) is indicated for each stock. The horizontal broken line represents the O2routine that was used to estimate total post exercise oxygen cost (EPOC; (the area bound by the vertical and horizontal broken lines and the O2 recovery curve). EPOC was then used in the derivation of the curve (broken curve) that estimated the total oxygen cost of swimming to Ucrit (i.e. aerobic oxygen cost + EPOC; see text for details). The solid vertical line indicates the transition time during the swim test (and the interpolated swimming speed) when non-aerobic swimming costs began to accrue. (See Fig. 1 for abbreviations.) The aerobic curve, total oxygen cost curve and O2 recovery curves for each stock were as follows: (A) GC sockeye salmon: O2=3.00+12.68/(1e-(t-86.10/43.21)) (P<0.05, r2=0.994); O2=-3.67+8.10e0.0054t (P<0.05, r2=0.999) and O2=1.53+2.30x 10^3e-0.023t (P<0.05, r2=0.976). (B) CHE coho salmon: O2=1.47+1.26e0.011t (P<0.05, r2=0.995); O2=2.28+0.50e0.019t (P<0.05, r2=0.970) and O2=2.84+8.14x 10^7e-0.11t (P<0.05, r2=0.994). (C) WVR sockeye salmon tested at 16°C: O2=2.45+0.83e0.015t (P<0.05, r2=0.995); O2=2.77+0.51e0.020t (P<0.05, r2=0.980) and O2=3.76+1.14x 10^8e-0.10t (P<0.05, r2=0.990). (D) WVR sockeye salmon tested at 12°C: O2=1.84+1.32e0.014t (P<0.05, r2=0.987); O2=2.37+0.79e0.020t (P<0.05, r2=0.985) and O2=2.26e22.09/(t-112.70) (P<0.05, r2=0.989).

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Relationships between (A) cost of transport (COT) and (B) net cost of transport (COTnet) and swimming speed for three stocks of adult Pacific salmon using the total oxygen cost of swimming, calculated from O2/U. Net cost of transport was calculated from (O2-O2routine)/U and the values are based on those derived in Lee et al. (2003). For abbreviations, see Fig. 1.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Relationship among three stocks of adult Pacific salmon for post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) and either (A) critical swimming speed (Ucrit), or (B) ambient water temperature. For abbreviations, see Fig. 1.

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