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Increase of internal ion concentration triggers trehalose synthesis associated with cryptobiosis in larvae of Polypedilum vanderplanki

Masahiko Watanabe, Takahiro Kikawada and Takashi Okuda^*

National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ohwashi 1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Changes of water and trehalose content in P. vanderplanki larvae during desiccation for (A) 2 days and (B) 7 days. Solid lines with filled symbols represent trehalose content; broken lines with open symbols represent water content. N=6–10 for trehalose measurements and N=12 for water measurements.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Trehalose content of P. vanderplanki larvae incubated for 1 day in (A) NaCl, (B) mannitol, (C) glycerol and (D) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions at various osmotic pressures. A 1% NaCl solution is 342 mosmol l-1. N=4–10 for each solution.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Changes of trehalose content in P. vanderplanki larvae during desiccation (up to 48 h) or incubation (up to 15 h) in 1% NaCl solution. Filled symbols represent desiccation; open symbols represent 1% NaCl. N=4–6.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Effect of various salt and carbohydrate solutions on trehalose content of P. vanderplanki larvae. Larvae were incubated for 1 day in each solution; each solution was at the same osmotic pressure (342 mosmol l-1). Control shows the trehalose content of untreated larvae. Numbers to the right of the S.E.M. bar indicate larval activity after 1-day treatment of each solution: 3 – all or most larvae moved actively in the same way as untreated larvae; 2 – most larvae did not move actively, and such larvae moved slowly only when they were stimulated by tweezers; 1 – most larvae were moribund; 0 – all larvae were dead. N=5–8 for each solution.

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