Nutrient balancing in grasshoppers: behavioural and physiological correlates of dietary breadth
D. Raubenheimer1,* and
S. J. Simpson1,2
1 Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PS, UK
2 University Museum of Natural History, University of Oxford, South Parks
Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK

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Fig. 1. Bi-variate selected intake point by L. migratoria and S.
gregaria over the first 3 days and 5 days of the final larval stadium and
across the entire stadium.
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Fig. 2. Relationship between protein consumed and carcass nitrogen (A), protein
consumed and unaccounted body mass (carcass dry mass minus nitrogen and lipid)
(B), and unaccounted body mass and carcass nitrogen (C) in larval L.
migratoria and S. gregaria.
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Fig. 3. Duration of the 5th larval stadium in L. migratoria and S.
gregaria fed one of a range of diets differing in protein:carbohydrate
(P:C) ratio.
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Fig. 4. Intake points of L. migratoria and S. gregaria fed one of
a range of diets differing in protein:carbohydrate (P:C) ratio over the first
3 days (A) and 5 days (B) of the 5th larval stadium and across the entire
stadium (C). The angle of each dotted line (`nutritional rail') depicts the
P:C ratio of the food it represents. Since intake points were not free to vary
other than along the relevant nutritional rail, S.E.M. are coincident with the
rails (solid lines). See text for explanation of statistical tests.
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Fig. 5. Comparison of (A) adult dry mass, (B) carcass nitrogen, (C) carcass lipids
and (D) unaccounted mass (carcass dry mass minus nitrogen and lipid) in L.
migratoria and S. gregaria fed one of a range of diets differing
in protein:carbohydrate (P:C) ratio for the duration of the 5th larval
stadium.
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Fig. 6. Marginal means from analysis of covariance (ANCOVA;
Table 6) used to estimate
utilization efficiencies for L. migratoria and S. gregaria
fed one of a range of diets differing in protein:carbohydrate (P:C) ratio for
the duration of the 5th larval stadium. (A) Carcass nitrogen corrected for
protein intake, (B) carcass lipid corrected for protein and carbohydrate
intake and (C) unaccounted body mass (carcass dry mass minus nitrogen and
lipid) corrected for protein and carbohydrate intake.
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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2003