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Journal of Experimental Biology 49,315-324 (1968)
Published by Company of Biologists 1968

Efferent Copy and Voluntary Eyecup Movement in the Crab, Carcinus

G. A. HORRIDGE ¹ and M. BURROWS ²

¹ Gatty Marine Laboratory and Department of Natural History, University of St Andrews, Fife, Scotland
² Gatty Marine Laboratory and Department of Natural History, University of St Andrews, Fife, Scotland; Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403 U.S.A.

1. Use is made of the fact that a freely moving blind eyecup is driven by movement perceived by the opposite seeing eye when the crab is in an optomotor drum.

2. Forced extension of the seeing eyecup causes movement of the other blinded eyecup in the opposite direction, because it is driven by the perceived relative motion.

3. Voluntary extension of the seeing eyecup causes no movement of the other blinded eyecup, although simultaneous oscillation of a striped drum round the crab is seen perfectly.

4. Preventing voluntary extension of the seeing eyecup with a mechanical stop causes no movement of the other, blinded, eyecup.

5. With both eyes blinded, or with the crab in the dark, voluntary or forced movement of one eyecup causes no movement of the other.

6. This behaviour is that expected of an animal which can retract and extend either eyecup in the light or in the dark without disturbing the other, but no simple model is compatible with all the experiments.