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First published online August 28, 2009
Journal of Experimental Biology 212, 2941-2948 (2009)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2009
doi: 10.1242/jeb.034546
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Predicting the rate of oxygen consumption from heart rate in barnacle geese Branta leucopsis: effects of captivity and annual changes in body condition

Steven J. Portugal1,*, Jonathan A. Green2, Phillip Cassey1, Peter B. Frappell3 and Patrick J. Butler1

1 Centre for Ornithology, School of Biosciences, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
2 School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
3 School of Zoology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7005

* Author for correspondence (S.Portugal.1{at}bham.ac.uk)

Accepted 25 June 2009

Quantifying a relationship between heart rate (fH) and rate of oxygen consumption (VO2) allows the estimation of VO2 from fH recordings in free-ranging birds. It has been proposed that this relationship may vary throughout an animal's annual cycle, due to changes in physiological status. Barnacle geese, Branta leucopsis, provide an ideal model to test this hypothesis, as they exhibit significant intra-annual variability in body mass, body composition and abdominal temperature, even in captivity. Heart rate data loggers were implanted in 14 captive barnacle geese, and at six points in the year the relationship between fH and VO2 was determined. The fH/VO2 relationship was also determined in seven moulting wild barnacle geese to examine whether relationships from captive animals might be applicable to wild animals. In captive barnacle geese, the fH/VO2 relationship was significantly different only between two out of the six periods when the relationship was determined (late September–early October and November). Accounting for changes in physiological parameters such as body mass, body composition and abdominal temperature did not eliminate this difference. The relationship between fH and VO2 obtained from wild geese was significantly different from all of the relationships derived from the captive geese, suggesting that it is not possible to apply calibrations from captive birds to wild geese. However, the similarity of the fH and VO2 relationship derived during moult in the captive geese to those during the remainder of the annual cycle implies it is not unreasonable to assume that the relationship between fH/VO2 during moult in the wild geese is indicative of the relationship throughout the remainder of the annual cycle.

Key words: heart rate, cardiovascular, barnacle goose, rate of oxygen consumption, stroke volume


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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2009