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First published online August 8, 2008
Journal of Experimental Biology 211, 2551-2558 (2008)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2008
doi: 10.1242/jeb.018507
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Induced cell proliferation in putative haematopoietic tissues of the sea star, Asterias rubens (L.)

Kristina Holm1, Samuel Dupont2, Helen Sköld2, Anna Stenius2, Michael Thorndyke3 and Bodil Hernroth3,*

1 Department of Zoology, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
2 Institute of Marine Ecology, Kristineberg 566, SE-450 34 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden
3 The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Kristineberg 566, SE-450 34 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden

* Author for correspondence (e-mail: bodil.hernroth{at}marecol.gu.se)

Accepted 14 June 2008

The coelomic fluid of the echinoderm Asterias rubens possesses large populations of circulating coelomocytes. This study aimed to expand the knowledge about the haematopoietic sources of these cells. Injection of the immune-stimulating molecules lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and concanavalin A (ConA) resulted in an increase in coelomocytes. To investigate if these molecules induce cell proliferation in putative haematopoietic tissues (HPTs), short-term exposure of the substitute nucleotide 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) was conducted. Immunohistochemical analysis, using fluorescein-labelled antibodies to trace BrdU, showed pronounced cell division in the coelomic epithelium and axial organ. In the pyloric caeca, not considered as an HPT, proliferation was not detected. BrdU labelling of monolayers of cells obtained by collagenase treatment of coelomic epithelium, axial organ and Tiedemann body revealed induced cell proliferation in response to both LPS and ConA while proliferation of pyloric caeca and circulating coelomocytes remained sparse. By using confocal microscopy it was observed that both the morphology and functional behaviour of cells released from explants of coelomic epithelium showed high similarity to those of circulating phagocytes. It was concluded that the increased coelomocyte numbers observed in response to LPS and ConA were reflected in an induced cell proliferation in coelomic epithelium, axial organ and Tiedemann body, which reinforces the idea that these organs are HPTs and the sources of coelomocyte renewal.

Key words: echinoderm, sea star, haematopoietic tissue, cell proliferation, coelomocyte, mitogenic factor


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