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First published online March 30, 2006
Journal of Experimental Biology 209, 1454-1462 (2006)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2006
doi: 10.1242/jeb.02141
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The postnatal development of neocortical neurons and glial cells in the Göttingen minipig and the domestic pig brain

Jacob Jelsing1,*, Rune Nielsen1, Aage Kristian Olsen2, Nanna Grand3, Ralf Hemmingsen4 and Bente Pakkenberg1

1 Research Laboratory for Stereology and Neuroscience, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg, Denmark
2 PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospitals, Aarhus, Denmark
3 Ellegaard Göttingen Minipigs ApS, Slagelse, Denmark
4 Department of Psychiatry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg, Denmark

* Author for correspondence (e-mail: forsklab{at}bbh.hosp.dk)

Accepted 2 February 2006

The first mathematically unbiased estimates of neocortical cell numbers are presented from the developing pig brain, including a full description of tissue processing and optimal sampling for application of the stereological optical fractionator method in this species. The postnatal development of neocortical neurons and glial cells from the experimental Göttingen minipig was compared with the postnatal development of neocortical neurons in the domestic pig. A significant postnatal development was observed in the Göttingen minipig brain for both neuronal (28%; P=0.01) and glial cells (87%; P<0.01). A corresponding postnatal development of neurons was not detected in the domestic pig brain. The reason for this strain difference is not known. The mean total number of neocortical neurons is 324 million in the adult Göttingen minipig compared with 432 million in the domestic pig. The glial-to-neuron cell ratio is around 2.2 in the adult Göttingen minipig. Based on these results, the domestic pig seems to be a more suitable model for evaluating the effects of developmental insults on human brain growth and neuronal development than the Göttingen minipig.

Key words: cavalieri volume, fractionator, porcine, total cell number, stereology


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