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First published online February 15, 2006
Journal of Experimental Biology 209, 907-915 (2006)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2006
doi: 10.1242/jeb.02083

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Distribution, activity and evidence for the release of an anti-diuretic peptide in the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus

Jean-Paul Paluzzi^* and Ian Orchard

Department of Biology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada

^* Author for correspondence (e-mail: jeanpaul.paluzzi{at}utoronto.ca)

Accepted 5 January 2006

In the haematophagous insect Rhodnius prolixus, diuresis is accomplished through the combined actions of peptidergic diuretic hormones and 5-HT released from neurohaemal sites on the abdominal nerves. Preliminary work on anti-diuresis in this blood-feeder, previously believed to occur through a decrease in the levels of the diuretic factors, indicates that an anti-diuretic hormone, with properties similar to CAP2b (pELYAFPRVamide; recently renamed Mas-CAPA-1), might also be present in R. prolixus. Here, we present evidence from immunohistochemical analysis that suggests a PRXamide-like neuropeptide may be released from the abdominal neurohaemal sites beginning 3–4 h following feeding; a time that coincides with the cessation of diuresis. We also show evidence for an endogenous factor, isolated from the central nervous system using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography, which mimics the effects of Mas-CAPA-1. Specifically, this endogenous anti-diuretic factor inhibits rates of 5-HT-stimulated secretion in a dose-dependent manner and elevates intracellular cGMP levels of Malpighian tubules stimulated with 5-HT.

Key words: anti-diuresis, CAPA, CAP2b, neuropeptide, neurosecretory cells, immunohistochemistry, insect, Malpighian tubule, Rhodnius prolixus

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