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First published online March 14, 2005
Journal of Experimental Biology 208, 1019-1024 (2005)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2005
doi: 10.1242/jeb.01499
Context cues eliminate retroactive interference effects in honeybees Apis mellifera
Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
e-mail: ken{at}galliform.psy.mq.edu.au
Accepted 18 January 2005
Free flying honeybees were trained successively on two different tasks of landmark-based spatial memory. On both task 1 and task 2, the goal was at a consistent distance and direction from a cylindrical landmark. The colours of the landmarks differed for the two tasks. The target direction from the landmark in task 2 was opposite to that in task 1. The context in which task 2 took place was either the same as the task-1 context or different: being a short distance away, having different surrounding landmarks, and a different colour on the training table. After each task, the bees were tested on task 1 in the task-1 context (test 1 and test 2). If task 2 had the same context as task 1, the bees performed at chance on test 2. If task 2 had a different context, performance on test 2 was unaffected, remaining as good as on test 1. Contextual cues thus guide memory retrieval, and prevent any confusions about which response (that appropriate for task 1 or for task 2) to perform.
Key words: bees, context, interference, response competition, landmark, spatial memory
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