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First published online August 18, 2005
Journal of Experimental Biology 208, 3341-3347 (2005)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2005
doi: 10.1242/jeb.01761
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Role of biogenic amines and cHH in the crustacean hyperglycemic stress response

Simonetta Lorenzon, Paolo Edomi, Piero Giulio Giulianini, Romina Mettulio and Enrico Antonio Ferrero*

BRAIN Center, Department of Biology, University of Trieste, via Giorgieri 7, I-34127 Trieste, Italy

* Author for correspondence (e-mail: ferrero{at}units.it)

Accepted 23 June 2005

In this study, we investigated (using bioassays and ELISA) the variation of cHH (crustacean hyperglycemic hormone) level in the eyestalks and hemolymph of Palaemon elegans (Rathke) (Decapoda, Caridea) following injection of serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) and correlated cHH profile with the variation in amount and time course of glycemia.

5-HT induced in P. elegans a rapid and massive release of cHH from the eyestalk into the hemolymph followed by hyperglycemia. On the contrary, DA did not significantly affect cHH release and hyperglycemia. In addition, we measured the level and variation of 5-HT in the eyestalk and hemolymph of P. elegans following copper contamination. The release of 5-HT from the eyestalk is very rapid and dose dependent. In the hemolymph, a peak of 5-HT occurs after 30 min, and again the circulating concentration of 5-HT is dose dependent on copper exposure. After 1 h, the level of 5-HT slowly decreases to basal level.

The release of 5-HT from the eyestalk into the hemolymph after copper exposure precedes the release of cHH, confirming its role as a neurotransmitter acting on cHH neuroendocrine cells. The fact that copper induced a rapid and massive release of 5-HT from the eyestalk can explain its demonstrated role in inducing the release of cHH and the consequent hyperglycemia in intact but not eyestalkless animals.

Key words: Palaemon elegans, copper, glucose, serotonin, dopamine, ELISA


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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2005