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First published online March 22, 2004
Journal of Experimental Biology 207, 1471-1478 (2004)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2004
doi: 10.1242/jeb.00912
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The cardiovascular responses of the freshwater turtle Trachemys scripta to warming and cooling

Gina Galli1,2,*, E. W. Taylor1,2 and Tobias Wang1

1 Department of Zoophysiology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
2 Department of Biosciences, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, England

* Author for correspondence (e-mail: ginaljgalli{at}hotmail.com)

Accepted 2 February 2004

Seven freshwater turtles Trachemys scripta were instrumented with flow probes and cannulated for blood pressure measurements. The turtles were warmed from 24 to 34°C, and cooled down to 24°C, with and without atropine. Animals exhibited a hysteresis of heart rate and blood flow to both the pulmonary and systemic circulations, which was not cholinergically mediated. Blood pressure remained constant during both warming and cooling, while systemic resistance decreased during heating and increased during cooling, indicating a barostatic response. There was a large right-to-left (R–L) shunt during warming and cooling in untreated animals, which remained relatively constant. Atropinisation resulted in a large L–R shunt, which decreased during warming and increased during cooling. Nevertheless, heating rates were the same in untreated and atropinised animals, and cooling rates were significantly longer in atropinised animals, indicating that shunt patterns contribute little to heat exchange.

Key words: temperature, rate of heat exchange, turtle, Trachemys scripta, reptile, heart rate, blood flow, blood pressure, cardiac shunt, heart rate hysteresis


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© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2004