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First published online June 16, 2004
Journal of Experimental Biology 207, 2671-2678 (2004)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2004
doi: 10.1242/jeb.01048

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The evolution of recovery from desiccation stress in laboratory-selected populations of Drosophila melanogaster

Donna G. Folk^* and Timothy J. Bradley

Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2525, USA

^* Author for correspondence (e-mail: dfolk{at}adelphia.net)

Accepted 26 April 2004

We examined the capacity for physiological recovery from the effects of desiccation in five replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster that have been selected for enhanced desiccation resistance (D populations) and in five replicate control populations (C populations). The capacity to recover was signified by the ability to restore three somatic components, namely whole-body water, dry mass and sodium content, all of which are reduced during desiccation. Throughout a period of recovery following a bout of desiccation, the flies were offered one of three fluids: distilled water, saline solution, or saline+sucrose solution. Our findings indicate that, when allowed to recover on saline+sucrose solution, D populations have the capacity to restore water at a greater rate than C populations and are able to fully restore dry mass and sodium content to the levels observed in non-desiccated, hydrated D flies. When provided with this same solution during recovery, C flies are unable to restore dry mass and are faced with an elevated sodium load. Desiccation resistance of the flies subsequent to recovery was also examined. We provide evidence that the greatest desiccation resistance in the D populations is associated with the restoration of all three somatic components, suggesting that not only water content, but also dry mass and sodium, may contribute to the enhanced desiccation resistance that has evolved in these populations.

Key words: Drosophila melanogaster, desiccation resistance, evolution, water restoration, sodium content, dry mass

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