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The Journal of Experimental Biology 206, 181-193 (2003)
doi: 10.1242/jeb.00063

Fine-scale patterns of odor encounter by the antennules of mantis shrimp tracking turbulent plumes in wave-affected and unidirectional flow

Kristina S. Mead^1,*, Megan B. Wiley², M. A. R. Koehl³ and Jeffrey R. Koseff²

¹ Biology Department, Denison University, Granville, OH 43023, USA
² Environmental Fluid Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 93405-4020, USA
³ Department of Integrative Biology, VLSB 3060, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA

^* Author for correspondence (e-mail: meadk{at}denison.edu)

Accepted 1 October 2002

Many marine animals track odor plumes to their source. Although studies of plume-tracking behavior have been performed in unidirectional flow, benthic animals such as crustaceans live in coastal habitats characterized by waves. We compared signal encounters by odor-plume-tracking stomatopods (mantis shrimp) in wave-affected and unidirectional flow in a flume. Stomatopods are small enough that we can study their natural behavior in a flume. They sample odors by flicking their antennules. A thin sheet of laser light illuminating an odor plume labeled with dye [planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF) technique] permitted us to measure the instantaneous odor concentration encountered by the animal's chemosensory organs (antennules) while it tracked the plume. We simultaneously measured behavior and the high-resolution odor signal at the spatial and temporal scale of the animal. We found that the navigating animal encountered odor filaments more often in wave-affected flow than in unidirectional flow. Odor filaments along the animals' antennules were significantly wider and of higher concentration in waves than in unidirectional flow.

Key words: mantis shrimp, Hemisquilla ensiguera californica, stomatopod, chemosensory, plume-tracking, PLIF, wave-affected flow

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