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Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol 204, Issue 4 673-684, Copyright © 2001 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
JA Green, PJ Butler, AJ Woakes, IL Boyd and RL Holder
School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. J.A.Green@bham.ac.uk
Twenty-four macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus) from three groups, breeding males (N=9), breeding females (N=9) and moulting females (N=6), were exercised on a variable-speed treadmill. Heart rate (fH) and mass-specific rate of oxygen consumption (sVO2) were recorded from the animals, and both fh and sVO2 were found to increase linearly with increasing treadmill speed. A linear regression equation described the relationship between fh and sVO2 for each individual. There were no significant differences in these regressions between breeding and moulting females. There were significant differences in these relationships between all females and breeding males. fH and s VO2 were recorded from five of these animals for a total of 24 h. When fh was used to predict sVO2 for the 24 h period using the derived regressions, the estimate was not significantly different from the measured values, with an average error of -2.1 %. When fh was used to predict sVO2 for the 5 min intervals used for the calibration in all 24 birds, the estimate was not significantly different from the observed values, and the average error was only +0.47 %. Since the fH/sVO2 relationship was the same during periods of the annual cycle when the animals were inactive/fasting and active/foraging, it seems reasonable that, as long as sex differences are taken into account, fh can be used to predict the metabolic rates of free-ranging macaroni penguins all year round.
This article has been cited by other articles:
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  J. A. Green, L. G Halsey, P. J. Butler, and R. L. Holder Estimating the rate of oxygen consumption during submersion from the heart rate of diving animals Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, May 1, 2007; 292(5): R2028 - R2038. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 S. J. Portugal, J. A. Green, and P. J. Butler Annual changes in body mass and resting metabolism in captive barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis): the importance of wing moult J. Exp. Biol., April 15, 2007; 210(8): 1391 - 1397. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. A. Green, I. L. Boyd, A. J. Woakes, C. J. Green, and P. J. Butler Do seasonal changes in metabolic rate facilitate changes in diving behaviour? J. Exp. Biol., July 1, 2005; 208(13): 2581 - 2593. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Froget, P. J. Butler, A. J. Woakes, A. Fahlman, G. Kuntz, Y. Le Maho, and Y. Handrich Heart rate and energetics of free-ranging king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) J. Exp. Biol., October 15, 2004; 207(22): 3917 - 3926. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Fahlman, Y. Handrich, A. J. Woakes, C.-A. Bost, R. Holder, C. Duchamp, and P. J. Butler Effect of fasting on the VO2-fh relationship in king penguins, Aptenodytes patagonicus Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, October 1, 2004; 287(4): R870 - R877. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. A. Green, P. J. Butler, A. J. Woakes, and I. L. Boyd Energetics of diving in macaroni penguins J. Exp. Biol., January 1, 2003; 206(1): 43 - 57. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Froget, Y. Handrich, Y. L. Maho, J.-L. Rouanet, A. J. Woakes, and P. J. Butler The heart rate/oxygen consumption relationship during cold exposure of the king penguin: a comparison with that during exercise J. Exp. Biol., August 15, 2002; 205(16): 2511 - 2517. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. J. Butler, P. B. Frappell, T. Wang, and M. Wikelski The relationship between heart rate and rate of oxygen consumption in Galapagos marine iguanas (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) at two different temperatures J. Exp. Biol., July 1, 2002; 205(13): 1917 - 1924. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Froget, P. J. Butler, Y. Handrich, and A. J. Woakes Heart rate as an indicator of oxygen consumption: influence of body condition in the king penguin J. Exp. Biol., March 8, 2002; 204(12): 2133 - 2144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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