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Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol 200, Issue 17 2295-2300, Copyright © 1997 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
D Jackson
Lactate concentrations were measured in the shell and plasma of the turtle Chrysemys picta bellii after 3 months of submergence anoxia at 3°C and during and after 9 days of submergence anoxia at 10°C. Liver and skeletal muscle lactate levels were also measured in control and anoxic animals at each temperature. At 3°C, mean shell lactate concentration (N=4) reached 133mmolkg-1shellmass and plasma lactate levels were 144mmoll-1; at 10°C, shell and plasma lactate concentrations (N=5) rose in parallel during anoxic exposure, to 70.8mmolkg-1shellmass and 78.9mmoll-1, respectively, and returned in parallel to control levels during 9 days of recovery. At the end of the anoxic periods, an estimated 44% of the total body lactate resided in the shell at 3°C and 43% at 10°C, and indirect evidence suggests that the shell buffered these same fractions of the acid load. Because of the high lactate concentration per kilogram of shell water (416mmolkg-1 at 3°C; 221mmolkg-1 at 10°C) and the known formation of calcium lactate complexes, it is postulated that most of the lactate existed in the shell in combined form. I conclude that sequestration of lactate within the shell represents a potentially major adaptation to anoxic acidosis for this animal and, together with the previously described release of shell carbonates, may account for up to two-thirds of the total lactic acid buffering in this animal.
This article has been cited by other articles:
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  D. E. Warren and D. C. Jackson Effects of temperature on anoxic submergence: skeletal buffering, lactate distribution, and glycogen utilization in the turtle, Trachemys scripta Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, July 1, 2007; 293(1): R458 - R467. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. C. Jackson, S. E. Taylor, V. S. Asare, D. Villarnovo, J. M. Gall, and S. A. Reese Comparative shell buffering properties correlate with anoxia tolerance in freshwater turtles Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, February 1, 2007; 292(2): R1008 - R1015. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 C. J. Brauner, T. Wang, Y. Wang, J. G. Richards, R. J. Gonzalez, N. J. Bernier, W. Xi, M. Patrick, and A. L. Val Limited extracellular but complete intracellular acid-base regulation during short-term environmental hypercapnia in the armoured catfish, Liposarcus pardalis J. Exp. Biol., September 1, 2004; 207(19): 3381 - 3390. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. A. Reese, G. R. Ultsch, and D. C. Jackson Lactate accumulation, glycogen depletion, and shell composition of hatchling turtles during simulated aquatic hibernation J. Exp. Biol., July 15, 2004; 207(16): 2889 - 2895. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. A. W. Stecyk, J. Overgaard, A. P. Farrell, and T. Wang {alpha}-Adrenergic regulation of systemic peripheral resistance and blood flow distribution in the turtle Trachemys scripta during anoxic submergence at 5{degrees}C and 21{degrees}C J. Exp. Biol., January 15, 2004; 207(2): 269 - 283. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. C. Jackson, D. V. Andrade, and A. S. Abe Lactate sequestration by osteoderms of the broad-nose caiman, Caiman latirostris, following capture and forced submergence J. Exp. Biol., October 15, 2003; 206(20): 3601 - 3606. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Jackson, T Wang, P Koldkjaer, and E. Taylor Lactate sequestration in the carapace of the crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes during exposure in air J. Exp. Biol., January 3, 2001; 204(5): 941 - 946. [Abstract] [PDF]
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 D. C. Jackson How a Turtle's Shell Helps It Survive Prolonged Anoxic Acidosis Physiology, August 1, 2000; 15(4): 181 - 185. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. C. Jackson, C. E. Crocker, and G. R. Ultsch Bone and shell contribution to lactic acid buffering of submerged turtles Chrysemys picta bellii at 3{degrees}C Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, June 1, 2000; 278(6): R1564 - R1571. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Jackson, Z Goldberger, S Visuri, and R. Armstrong Ionic exchanges of turtle shell in vitro and their relevance to shell function in the anoxic turtle J. Exp. Biol., January 3, 1999; 202(5): 513 - 520. [Abstract] [PDF]
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