|
| |
|
|
|
|
||||
| Home Help Feedback Subscriptions Archive Search Table of Contents | ||||
Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol 198, Issue 3 665-673, Copyright © 1995 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
F. Ullen, T. G. Deliagina, G. N. Orlovsky and S. Grillner
Two major tasks must be fulfilled during locomotion: propulsion and spatial orientation. In the lamprey, the propulsive force is generated by laterally directed body undulations propagated from the rostral to the caudal end of the body. The neuronal networks underlying this basic locomotor pattern have been described in considerable detail. The present study was undertaken to provide the necessary behavioural background for parallel studies of the vestibular neuronal networks responsible for spatial orientation during locomotion. The following results were obtained. 1. The lamprey actively stabilized its pitch angle during swimming and usually kept a linear trajectory in the sagittal plane, despite large changes in the speed of swimming. During repeated tests, a certain preferred pitch angle could be maintained over a period of several minutes, even if the initial starting angle of the animal was changed considerably. 2. Two different strategies were observed for active turning in the downward direction: a smooth turn accomplished by weak ventral flexion of the whole body, and a sharp turn accomplished by localized ventral flexion of a region of the body just posterior to the gills. 3. The lampreys were oriented with the dorsal side up while swimming at any pitch angle. The control systems for pitch and roll can thus operate independently. When swimming, lampreys kept the tail region flexed somewhat ventrally. This body configuration will cause lateral movements of the tail to generate a torque that rotates the body around its longitudinal axis. This mechanism is presumably used to correct deviations from the dorsal-side-up orientation. After amputation of the dorsal and tail fins, lampreys maintained a proper spatial orientation during swimming. 4. After a unilateral labyrinthectomy, swimming lampreys continuously rolled towards the lesioned side. Unilaterally labyrinthectomized animals displayed a tonic twisting of the body into a helical shape. This presumably represents an additional strategy for performing roll turns. Bilaterally labyrinthectomized animals never maintained a linear trajectory in any plane, but turned continuously in all directions.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. S. Islam and P. V. Zelenin Modifications of Locomotor Pattern Underlying Escape Behavior in the Lamprey J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2008; 99(1): 297 - 307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. V. Zelenin, G. N. Orlovsky, and T. G. Deliagina Sensory-Motor Transformation by Individual Command Neurons J. Neurosci., January 31, 2007; 27(5): 1024 - 1032. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Karayannidou, P. V. Zelenin, G. N. Orlovsky, and T. G. Deliagina Responses of Reticulospinal Neurons in the Lamprey to Lateral Turns J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2007; 97(1): 512 - 521. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. S. Islam, P. V. Zelenin, G. N. Orlovsky, S. Grillner, and T. G. Deliagina Pattern of motor coordination underlying backward swimming in the lamprey. J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2006; 96(1): 451 - 460. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. G. Deliagina, G. N. Orlovsky, P. V. Zelenin, and I. N. Beloozerova Neural Bases of Postural Control Physiology, June 1, 2006; 21(3): 216 - 225. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Rossignol, R. Dubuc, and J.-P. Gossard Dynamic Sensorimotor Interactions in Locomotion Physiol Rev, January 1, 2006; 86(1): 89 - 154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. L. Pavlova, L. B. Popova, G. N. Orlovsky, and T. G. Deliagina Vestibular compensation in lampreys: restoration of symmetry in reticulospinal commands J. Exp. Biol., December 15, 2004; 207(26): 4595 - 4603. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. V. Zelenin, S. Grillner, G. N. Orlovsky, and T. G. Deliagina The pattern of motor coordination underlying the roll in the lamprey J. Exp. Biol., August 1, 2003; 206(15): 2557 - 2566. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. L. Pavlova and T. G. Deliagina Asymmetry in the Pitch Control System of the Lamprey Caused by a Unilateral Labyrinthectomy J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2003; 89(5): 2370 - 2379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. L. Pavlova and T. G. Deliagina Responses of Reticulospinal Neurons in Intact Lamprey to Pitch Tilt J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2002; 88(3): 1136 - 1146. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. W. Webb Control of Posture, Depth, and Swimming Trajectories of Fishes Integr. Comp. Biol., February 1, 2002; 42(1): 94 - 101. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. G. Deliagina and E. L. Pavlova Modifications of Vestibular Responses of Individual Reticulospinal Neurons in Lamprey Caused by Unilateral Labyrinthectomy J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2002; 87(1): 1 - 14. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. V. Zelenin, S. Grillner, G. N. Orlovsky, and T. G. Deliagina Heterogeneity of the Population of Command Neurons in the Lamprey J. Neurosci., October 1, 2001; 21(19): 7793 - 7803. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. McHenry Mechanisms of helical swimming: asymmetries in the morphology, movement and mechanics of larvae of the ascidian Distaplia occidentalis J. Exp. Biol., January 9, 2001; 204(17): 2959 - 2973. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Aoki, T. Wannier, and S. Grillner Slow Dorsal-Ventral Rhythm Generator in the Lamprey Spinal Cord J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2001; 85(1): 211 - 218. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. V. Zelenin, T. G. Deliagina, S. Grillner, and G. N. Orlovsky Postural Control in the Lamprey: A Study With a Neuro-Mechanical Model J Neurophysiol, December 1, 2000; 84(6): 2880 - 2887. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. G. Deliagina, P. V. Zelenin, P. Fagerstedt, S. Grillner, and G. N. Orlovsky Activity of Reticulospinal Neurons During Locomotion in the Freely Behaving Lamprey J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2000; 83(2): 853 - 863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. G. Deliagina and P. Fagerstedt Responses of Reticulospinal Neurons in Intact Lamprey to Vestibular and Visual Inputs J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2000; 83(2): 864 - 878. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. G. Deliagina, G. N. Orlovsky, A. I. Selverston, and Y. I. Arshavsky Neuronal Mechanisms for the Control of Body Orientation in Clione I. Spatial Zones of Activity of Different Neuron Groups J Neurophysiol, August 1, 1999; 82(2): 687 - 699. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Wannier, T. G. Deliagina, G. N. Orlovsky, and S. Grillner Differential Effects of the Reticulospinal System on Locomotion in Lamprey J Neurophysiol, July 1, 1998; 80(1): 103 - 112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Ullen, T. G. Deliagina, G. N. Orlovsky, and S. Grillner Visual Pathways for Postural Control and Negative Phototaxis in Lamprey J Neurophysiol, August 1, 1997; 78(2): 960 - 976. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. Ekeberg, S. Grillner, and A. Lansner The Neural Control of Fish Swimming Studied Through Numerical Simulations Adaptive Behavior, March 1, 1995; 3(4): 363 - 384. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
