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Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol 164, Issue 1 103-116, Copyright © 1992 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
GE Hofmann and SC Hand
Department of EPO Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309-0334.
In response to environmental anoxia, embryos of the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana enter a dormant state during which energy metabolism and development are arrested. The intracellular acidification that correlates with this transition into anaerobic dormancy has been linked to the inhibition of protein synthesis in quiescent embryos. In this study, we have addressed the level of control at which a mechanism mediated by intracellular pH might operate to arrest protein synthesis. Two independent lines of evidence suggest that there is an element of translational control when protein synthesis is arrested in dormant embryos. First, as determined by in vitro translation techniques, there were no significant quantitative differences in mRNA pools in dormant as compared to actively developing embryos. In addition, fluorography of the translation products showed that there are no large qualitative changes in mRNA species when embryos become dormant. These data suggest that there was no net degradation of mRNA pools in dormant embryos and that protein synthesis may therefore be controlled more strongly at translation than at transcription. Second, polysome profile studies showed that dormant embryos possess reduced levels of polysomes relative to those found in cells or active embryos. The disaggregation of polysomes is an indication that the initiation step in protein synthesis is disrupted and is further evidence that the mechanism involved in protein synthesis arrest in dormant Artemia involves translational control.
This article has been cited by other articles:
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  J. A. Covi and S. C. Hand V-ATPase expression during development of Artemia franciscana embryos: potential role for proton gradients in anoxia signaling J. Exp. Biol., July 15, 2005; 208(14): 2783 - 2798. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. D. Eads and S. C. Hand Mitochondrial mRNA stability and polyadenylation during anoxia-induced quiescence in the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana J. Exp. Biol., October 15, 2003; 206(20): 3681 - 3692. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 J. L. Pakay, P. C. Withers, A. A. Hobbs, and M. Guppy In vivo downregulation of protein synthesis in the snail Helix apersa during estivation Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, July 1, 2002; 283(1): R197 - R204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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F. van Breukelen and S. L. Martin Translational initiation is uncoupled from elongation at 18{degrees}C during mammalian hibernation Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, November 1, 2001; 281(5): R1374 - R1379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. K. Willsie and J. S. Clegg Nuclear p26, a small heat shock/{alpha}-crystallin protein, and its relationship to stress resistance in Artemia franciscana embryos J. Exp. Biol., January 7, 2001; 204(13): 2339 - 2350. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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F van Breukelen, R Maier, and S. Hand Depression of nuclear transcription and extension of mRNA half-life under anoxia in Artemia franciscana embryos J. Exp. Biol., January 4, 2000; 203(7): 1123 - 1130. [Abstract] [PDF]
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B. D. Eads and S. C. Hand Regulatory features of transcription in isolated mitochondria from Artemia franciscana embryos Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, December 1, 1999; 277(6): R1588 - R1597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 K. E. Kwast and S. C. Hand Acute Depression of Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis during Anoxia J. Biol. Chem., March 29, 1996; 271(13): 7313 - 7319. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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