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Journal of Experimental Biology 147,133-146 (1989)
Published by Company of Biologists 1989

Modulation of Haemocyanin Oxygen-Affinity by L-Lactate and Urate in the Prawn Penaeus Japonicus

F. LALLIER ¹ and TRUCHOT J. P. ²

¹ Laboratoire de Neurobiologie et Physiologie Comparées CNRS UA 1126, Place du Dr Peyneau, F 33120 Arcachon, France; Division of Biology and Living Resources, RSMAS, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149-1098, USA
² Laboratoire de Neurobiologie et Physiologie Comparées CNRS UA 1126, Place du Dr Peyneau, F 33120 Arcachon, France

The addition of either L-lactate or urate to dialysed haemolymph from the prawn Penaeus japonicus (Bate) increased the in vitro haemocyanin oxygenaffinity. The quantitative values of these two effects, expressed as logP₅₀/log[effector], were found to be -0.077 for L-lactate and -0.032 for urate, at pH7.6 and 25°C. The normal, significant Bohr effect (logP₅₀/pH approx. -1.5 at pH7.6, 25°C) was not modified by the two effectors tested, nor was the cooperativity of haemocyanin oxygen-binding (n₅₀ approx. 4).

Hypoxic exposure of the prawns to Pw_OO2 :=6.3 or 4.4 kPa (1 kPa=7.5 mmHg) for up to 48 h at 25°C induced only a small, less than 2.5-fold, elevation of L-lactate concentration in the haemolymph, all values remaining below 0.5 mmol I^-1, but urate concentration increased to a greater extent (12-fold maximum increase from 0.01 to 0.12 mmol I^-1). Haemocyanin oxygen-affinity, measured in vitro on haemolymph samples drawn from hypoxic prawns, increased slightly during the first 3h of hypoxia acclimation (P₅₀=0.8-0.9 kPa at pH 7.6), returning to near normoxic control values after a 48 h hypoxic exposure.

The respective roles of L-lactate and urate in enhancing oxygen transport during hypoxia are discussed on the basis of their in vitro effects on haemocyanin oxygenaffinity and their in vivo concentration variations in haemolymph.

Key words: Penaeus japonicus, haemocyanin, oxygen affinity, L-lactate, urate, hypoxia

Accepted on July 7, 1989

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