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Journal of Experimental Biology 118,351-365 (1985)
Published by Company of Biologists 1985

Further Studies of Crayfish Escape Behaviour: I. The Role of the Appendages and the Stereotyped Nature of Non-Giant Escape Swimming

IAN R. C. COOKE ¹ and DAVID L. MACMILLAN ²

¹ Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia; Research Centre for Early Human Development, Queen Victoria Medical Centre, 172 Lonsdale St, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
² Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia

1. High-speed cinematography of the escape behaviour of freelymoving crayfish showed that the thoracic and abdominal appendages exhibit stereotyped movements in giant axon-mediated tail flips and in non-giant flips. Three distinct classes of non-giant tail flips were recognized in this study: linear, pitching and twisting flips.

2. In medial giant flips and linear non-giant flips the chelipeds and pereiopods were promoted and extended in a manner which minimized the hydrodynamic resistance of the animal. The exopodites of the uropods were promoted. In lateral giant flips and pitching non-giant flips the thoracic appendages moved only passively. The uropod protopodites were promoted but the exopodites remained remoted.

3. When giant axon-mediated tailflips were elicited with natural stimuli they were followed by sequences of non-giant flips which appeared quite stereotyped.

Key words: Crayfish, escape behaviour, giant axon, swimming, appendages, streamlining

Accepted on April 9, 1985

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