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Journal of Experimental Biology 102,141-155 (1983)
Published by Company of Biologists 1983

The Interaction of Environmental Calcium and Low pH on the Physiology of the Rainbow Trout, Salmo Gairdneri : II. Branchial Ionoregulatory Mechanisms

D. G. McDONALD 1, R. L. WALKER 2, and P. R. H. WILKES 2

1 Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1
2 Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1; Department of Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4

Adult rainbow trout, acclimated to external calcium concentrations ranging from 60-5700 µequiv/1, were exposed to pH 4.0-4.1 for 44 h. Initially, this exposure provoked massive net losses of sodium and chloride across the gills which arose through a combination of an inhibition of active transport and, more importantly, a stimulation in diffusional efflux. Subsequently, ion losses declined substantially, largely due to a rapid decline in passive efflux but also to a slower, partial recovery in sodium transport. External calcium concentration was virtually without effect on ion fluxes either prior to or following acid exposure but had a definite effect during acid exposure. This effect was initially upon the ratio of C1- to Na+ loss and later upon the degree of inhibition of sodium and chloride transport. Possible mechanisms to explain the complex interactions of calcium and pH are proposed.

Key words: Low pH, calcium, trout

Submitted on April 23, 1982
Accepted on August 9, 1982






© The Company of Biologists Ltd 1983