Fig. 3. Rectified electromyographic (EMG) signals (after 7 Hz high-pass filter) versus time [normal walking, walking with the dorsiflexor assist (DFA) device] for the TA muscle for a representative subject. Vertical broken lines indicate heel strikes and toe-off for the right leg. Black horizontal bars indicate the burst analyzed during swing and just post heel-strike (between 60–110%). The bar graph on the right depicts mean muscle activity (± s.e.m.) during the burst for all subjects while walking normally (white) and walking with the DFA device (grey). The asterisk denotes a significant difference compared with normal walking (P=0.003).