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Figure 6


Fig. 6. (A) Center of mass (CoM) potential energy change ({Delta}PE) per wingbeat, and (B) CoM PE flight power ({Delta}PE/{Delta}twingbeat) versus vertical flight angle. {Delta}PE/wingbeat cycle values were similar for ascending flight angles (means for 60°=1.41±0.14 J; 30°=1.10±0.11 J), and also similar for descending flight angles (means for –60°=–1.55±0.09 J; –30°=–1.53±0.08 J). PE flight power values were significantly different among all flight angles except between steep and shallow descent (P=0.073 for –60° vs –30°; P<=0.012 for all other comparisons).