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Figure 3


Fig. 3. Cold meals elevate PPMR above specific dynamic action (SDA). SDA is PPMR from meals at body temperature, Tb (Tf=40°C). Meals at lower temperatures include a thermogenic component that is dependent on food temperature. PPMR here is given as a percentage of energy assimilation efficiency (AEn) to show the significant decrease in net energy gain from cold food.