Fig. 5. Drosophila viability following Cu limitation or Cu excess. Larval survival to adulthood was determined for Mvl^97f and w¹¹¹⁸ Drosophila when raised on Cu-limited medium using 100 µmol l^–1 BCS, basal food, or 1 or 2 mmol l^–1 Cu. (A) Female survival. (B) Male survival. Values are expressed as percentage emergence and are mean ± s.e.m. of five replicates of 50 larvae. A one-way ANOVA with a Games Howell post-hoc test was used to determine significant differences. ^*P<0.05 compared to Armenia and P<0.05 compared to w¹¹¹⁸ control flies.