Fig. 10. Representative series of ¹H-NMR spectra taken on carp during a 2 h recovery from exercise followed by a 4 h exposure to hypoxia. The resting/normoxic trace was taken 24 h after the initial time 0 h reading following exercise. Peaks representing creatine (Cr)/phosphocreatine, pyruvate and lactate are identified. The size of the creatine/phosphocreatine peak is not quantitative.