Fig. 5. A comparison of the major protein localization patterns found in the recta of freshwater-reared culicines and anophelines with those in saline water-reared culicines and anophelines. This figure allows an easy comparison of the proteins in the anopheline and culicine recta. In all cases CA9 localizes to the cytoplasm, Na⁺K⁺-ATPase (NaK) localizes to the basal membrane and V-ATPase localizes to the apical membrane. The non-DAR (dorsal anterior rectum) cells of freshwater-reared anophelines resembled the recta of freshwater culicines in protein localization as both expressed Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase and V-ATPase. When reared in saline water, the anopheline rectum shifted Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase localization and resembled the saline-water culicine rectum in protein localization; anopheline DAR cells and culicine AR possessed CA9 and Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase whereas anopheline non-DAR cells and culicine PR possessed V-ATPase.