Fig. 3. Fluxes of titratable alkalinity (J_TAlk, grey bars), total ammonia (J_Tamm, white bars) and net acidic equivalents (J_netH⁺ black bars) over a 72 h period after fish were fed a 1% of body mass ration via an oesophageal catheter. Positive values indicate base excretion and negative values indicate acid excretion. Values are means ± s.e.m. (N=8–11). An asterisk denotes a significant difference when compared with pre-feed levels [adjusted P<0.05; RM-ANOVA followed by a multiple pairwise control (pre-feed) comparisons versus post-feed groups using the Bonferroni t-test method], whereas a dagger indicates a significant difference of J_TAlk or J_Tamm when compared with voluntarily fed fish (P<0.05; paired t-test).