Fig. 5. Time–distance relationships of luminescent courtship display trains in Vargula annecohenae (from Table 2). Data points represent vertical distance traveled after each flash: filled diamonds indicate the stationary phase (shaded area) and open squares indicate the helical phase of the display. Horizontal solid lines correspond to pulse duration. The vertical swimming speed (5.41 cm s^–1) was calculated from the regression line (dotted line) during the helical phase, which is consistent over the course of a display. Since we used the mean time and distances (Table 2), there are no error bars.