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Figure 3


Fig. 3. Baseline corticosterone levels (means ± s.d.) before (PreTreat) and after (PostTreat) the Flight Treatment in red knots. Flyers (N=6) flew the equivalent of 1500 km in a wind tunnel. Failed Flyers (N=5) were birds originally assigned as Flyers that refused to fly for long periods in the tunnel. Controls (N=8) did not fly in the wind tunnel. The long flights had no detectable effects on the corticosterone levels.