Fig. 5. The relationship between jaw-closing mechanical advantage (MA) (based on the residuals of log₁₀-transformed data as described in the text) and head length in banded watersnakes (Nerodia fasciata). The solid line indicates the empirical slope calculated using reduced major axis regression. This slope did not significantly differ from 0 (Table 4). Closed circles indicated individuals <500 mm snout–vent length (SVL) that almost exclusively consume fish, and open circles indicate individuals >500 mm SVL that almost exclusively consume frogs.