Fig. 1. Set-up used to control the body temperature of the cicada during intracellular recordings of auditory interneurons and recordings of the auditory nerve activity. The temperature of the animal holder was modified with a Peltier element and controlled via two thermocouples. The sensor in the holder kept its temperature within values compatible with the living tissues (10–40°C) while the second thermocouple measured and was used to control the temperature of the cicada body. The flowing water is needed to add to or remove heat from the Peltier element.