Fig. 3. Changes in the volume of eggs sampled from ovigerous crabs (A,B, Hemigrapsus sexdentatus; C,D, H. crenulatus) reared in dilutions of seawater (black bars, 100% seawater; grey bars, 50% seawater; white bars, 25% seawater). The hyposaline exposure was commenced either during stage 1 (cleavage, A,C) or at stage 2 (early gastrula, B,D). The abscissa shows the estimated elapsed times from egg extrusion. The final measurement was taken just before hatching (for embryos in 100% seawater and for embryos exposed to 50% seawater after gastrulation) or before abortion (25% seawater and those commenced during cleavage). Values are means ± s.e.m., N=10 (A) or 5 (B–D). Letters above the 100% seawater bars indicate means that are significantly different (one-way ANOVA, Tukey test). Asterisks above the 50% and 25% seawater bars indicate values that are significantly different from those in 100% seawater (two-way ANOVA, Tukey tests).