Fig. 4. Motor patterns and sounds produced by multiband butterflyfish, Chaetodon multicinctus during agonistic interactions with bottled conspecifics. (A) The tail slap starts with a lateral display followed by tail slap and turn motor patterns (lower panel) that produce acoustic stimuli (waveform on lower trace). A strong hydrodynamic pulse with signals at 20-60 Hz results from the lateral motion of the body towards the intruder (lower spectrogram). The tail slap occurs at the end of the turn that produces a broadband click (upper spectrogram). In this instance the tail slap was immediately followed by a second lateral display. (B) Jump behavior starts with a frontal motor display towards the bottled intruders, a rapid turn of the body, and swimming ascent that is followed by an intense lateral display (lower panel). The turn and ascend behaviors produce acoustic stimuli that include a low frequency component made during the turn followed by a pulse train during the ascent (waveform on lower trace). Note that spectrum of sounds made during both the turn and ascent are from <100-700 Hz, with lower frequencies due to the hydrodynamic pulse made during the turn (spectrogram).