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Figure 6


Fig. 6. Haemodynamic effects of the transition from gill ventilation (grey bars) to air breathing (white bars) in S. marmoratus in hypoxic water (PO2≤50 mmHg). Q, cardiac output; VS, stroke volume; fH, heart rate; PCV, central venous blood pressure; MCFP, mean circulatory filling pressure; PDA, dorsal aortic blood pressure. Values are mean ± s.e.m.; N=4–15. *Significant difference relative to gill ventilation (1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa).