Fig. 3. Effects of vinegar and CO2 backgrounds on walking activity of
male and female flies. Percentage of time walking is indicated for males and
females when all four fields contain air only (Air), apple cider vinegar
(Vin.) or 0.1% CO2. For females, Nair=30;
Nvinegar=22; NCO2=21; for males,
Nair=27; Nvinegar=20;
NCO2=20. *Significant difference compared to
air (Mann-Whitney U-test, P<0.01 for vinegar,
P<0.05 for CO2); ns, no significant difference. Values
are means ± s.e.m.