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Figure 5


Fig. 5. Schematic of neuronal stimulation in the isthmus and terminal bulb of free-living soil nematodes. The major sources of isthmus and terminal bulb stimulation, as revealed by laser ablations (see Fig. 4 and Results). (A) In the Rhabditidae (C. elegans), M4 stimulates posterior isthmus peristalsis, while anterior isthmus/TB pumping is stimulated via gap junction coupling to the corpus, as indicated by the broken arrows. (B) In the Diplogasteridae (P. pacificus), M4 stimulates isthmus/TB peristalsis. (C) In the Cephalobidae (Cephalobus sp. DWF1301), M4 stimulates isthmus peristalsis and TB pumping. (D) In the Panagrolaimidae (Panagrolaimus sp. PS1159), M2 stimulates anterior isthmus peristalsis while M4 stimulates posterior isthmus/TB pumping.