Fig. 1. Deviations from the expected directional shifts of birds that are relying on the magnetic compass in cue conflicts between magnetic and sunset cues during the migratory period (Table 2A, studies not listed in parentheses). The magnetic field shifts are divided into counterclockwise (CCW) and clockwise (CW) shifts and into `against the sun' (AS) and `with the sun' (WS) shifts, since CW and CCW shifts should be interpreted differently by birds living in the northern and southern hemispheres (see text). Filled triangles indicate 90°, open triangles 120° and the rhomboid 115° shifts of the magnetic field. The two half-circles indicate the 0.1% (broken line) and 5% (dotted line) significance level according to the Rayleigh test (Batschelet, 1981). The arrows give the mean direction () and their length is proportional to the mean vector length r with the radius of the circle=1. Outside of the circle the 50% inter-quartile range (IQR) is indicated. Only included are those studies that exposed the birds to sunset cues and where both control and experimental groups exhibited significant unimodal orientation, with a significant shift between treatments, and the control direction did not coincide with the position of the setting sun (Table 2A, studies not listed in parentheses).