Fig. 7. A model of convergent neuropeptide DH₃₁ (CLR) and DH₄₄ (CRF-R) signaling pathways. DH31-R (red) and DH44-R (blue) signaling pathways are co-expressed by principal cells of the tubule (top), and onto CRZ-containing neurons of the CNS (bottom). Both pathways elicit cAMP increases; the DH31-R1 utilizes a RCP accessory protein. We show DH₃₁ and DH₄₄ neurons as distinct cell populations in this model (see Fig. S2 in supplementary material), but these may be partially overlapping. M. tubule, Malphigian tubule.